Progress in Remediation Research on Toxic Organic Pollutants in Lake Sediment
In recent years, with environmental pollution by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) aggravating, lake sediment pollution by PAHs is also becoming heavier and heavier. The contamination by toxic organic pollutants has not only adversely affected the water ecosystem, but also severely threatened the health of human beings. Therefore, it is a pressing task of great significance to effectively control and remedy PAHs pollution in lake sediment.
Yan Zaisheng and his fellow researchers from Jiang Helong research panel of Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, CAS have improved biodegradation of toxic organic pollutants in lake sediment using microbial electrochemical technique which is even more effective in decomposing and removing high molecular, virulent and persistent organic pollutants from the lake sediment. Changes in humification of sediment and toxic organic pollutants degrading bacteria under the function of microbial electrochemical process are conducive to the adsorption, solubilization and electron transport of humic acid in sediment and to the realization of multiple functions as a Microbial aggregation carrier. Based on this, the researchers have further proposed a biodegradation mechanism to effectively remove the organic pollutants by microbial electrochemical process. The research has also revealed that microbial electrochemical technique can used in combination with ecological restoration technology. The complex interaction between microbial electrochemical process in the coupled system and the acorus calamus has accelerated the biodegradation of high molecular PAHs in sediment. The coupled system is enriched with rhizosphere microbial community which is quite different from that in plant treatment group. In acorus calamus treatment group, rhizosphere microbial community is mainly composed of aerobic bacteria (Vogesella, Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium and Rhizobium) while in the coupled system, anaerobic bacteria (Longilinea, Bellilinea, Desulfobacca and Anaeromyxobacter) dominate the rhizosphere microbial community. Besides, the quantity of high- molecular PAHs degrading bacteria, both aerobic and anaerobic, in the coupled system is higher than that in the acorus calamus treatment group. Thus, application of the electrode in acorus calamus in the coupled system has influenced the way of root-secreted oxygen and root secretion, and changed the oxidation-reduction potential of sediment, thus establishing a healthy microbial metabolic environment which is favorable for the co-existence of aerobic and anaerobic microorganism. Such an organic pollutant degradation method with the interaction of aerobic and anaerobic microorganism has helped to accelerate the removal of toxic organic pollutants in sediment.
This research is funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China and Distinguished Young Scholars Foundation. The research finding has been carried on an international journal Scientific Reports by Nature Publishing Group, and authorized with the state invention patent. This research has provided a new technical means for the joint remediation of the polluted aquatic organisms and water ecosystem.
For the original text, link to www.nature.com/search?facets=new&journal=srep&q=srep10709