“Lake flooding” is a phenomenon that highly nutritious algal bloom in water accumulates along the sunny and static lake bay or littoral zone and degrades after death incurring the pollution and stench of water, decrease of dissolved oxygen in water and death of lots of aquatic life. Harm of “the flooded water” to the aquatic ecosystem and people and animals has attracted attention of scholars both at home and abroad. For example, in 2007, “lake flooding” erupted near the intake of Gong Hu Water Treatment Plant in Wu Xi, impacting the drinking water supply to Wuxi citizens for one week. Chromophoric "dissolved organic matter (CDOM) is a dissolved organic matter capable of absorbing UV-light. It widely exists in various kinds of water. Water with high concentration of CDOM not only has a pungently sour odor, but also contains lots of carcinogenic substances directly threatening human and animal health. Therefore, it is significantly important to monitor the CDOM in “flooded water” and evaluate the source of CDOM. As a special type of water, the CDOM contained in the “flooded water” may be produced either through degradation of endogenous algae after death, or release of organic matters under the water or input along with exogenous streams. CDOM is kind of complex organic matter composed of humic acid, fulvic acid, lipid and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Traditional chemical monitoring method is not only time consuming and inconvenient but also incapable to effectively evaluate the components of CDOM. In contrast, spectral absorption and three-dimensional fluorescence spectrometry, characterized by simple operation, quick data acquisition, low price and capability in obtaining numerous information on composition of CDOM, is an optimal method so far to interpret the source, migration and transformation of CDOM. With the support by National key scientific and technological project “Research on Emergency Control Technique of Taihu Lake Flooding & Bloom Disaster and Engineering Demonstration (2012ZX07101-010)” and the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars, Zhang Yunlin’s team from Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology.CAS has made significant progress on interpretation of the features, source and composition of the “flooded water” in Taihu Lake. Their research finding has been carried on Journal of Hazardous Materials (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2015, 299: 222-230).
The research paper, based on the data obtained through on-site CDOM monitoring and the in-situ cultivation experiment of the “flooded lake” and using parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), has first of all interpreted CDOM concentration, evolution of CDOM composition along the west littoral zone, Meiliang Bay, Zhushan Bay and Gonghu Bay of Taihu Lake where “lake flooding” occurs frequently. Then the paper has compared the CDOM concentration and composition in “flooded lake” with that in normal water, and through the in-situ cultivation experiment of the “flooded lake” concluded that algae domains in CDOM in “flooded lake”. The field monitoring has revealed that fluorescence intensity of ulvic-like acids in CDOM and humic-like acids under microbial function in “flooded lake” is significantly higher than that in normal water, which corresponds to the result acquired in the in-situ cultivation experiment of the “flooded lake” where fluorescence intensity of the aforesaid two substances significantly increase. Both results have reflected that the endogenous microbial function holds the dominant position in CDOM in the “flooded lake”. Photolysis rate and bioavailability of CDOM are directly determined by source and composition of CDOM, therefore, this research is significant in guiding “lake flooding” control and management and lake protection.